Pernikahan Jarak Jauh di Era Digital

Tinjauan Fikih dan Hukum Positif Indonesia

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji keabsahan pernikahan daring dalam perspektif hukum Islam dan hukum positif Indonesia. Secara fikih, nikah daring dapat dianggap sah bila memenuhi rukun dan syarat, termasuk kesinambungan ijab kabul dan kehadiran saksi. Namun, dalam hukum positif Indonesia, keabsahan nikah daring belum diatur secara eksplisit dalam UU Perkawinan maupun KHI, sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian pencatatan di KUA. KHI menekankan kesatuan majelis dan kehadiran saksi fisik, meski memberi ruang bagi perwakilan (taukil). Hal ini menunjukkan adanya dualisme antara norma syar’i dan administrasi negara, serta menekankan prinsip kehati-hatian demi menjaga tujuan syariat dan perlindungan keluarga.

Kata kunci: Islam, Positif, Nikah.

Abstract

This study examines the validity of online marriage in the perspective of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. In Islamic jurisprudence, online marriage may be valid if the essential pillars and conditions are fulfilled, including continuity of the contract and presence of witnesses. However, in Indonesian positive law, online marriage is not explicitly regulated in the Marriage Law or the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), creating uncertainty in official registration. KHI emphasizes unity of session and physical presence of witnesses, while allowing representation (taukil). This reflects a dualism between sharia norms and state administration, highlighting the principle of caution to preserve the objectives of sharia and family protection.

Keywords: Islam, Positive, Marriage